{"id":1605,"date":"2019-08-19T19:21:39","date_gmt":"2019-08-19T16:21:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/defineisaretleri.net\/?p=1605"},"modified":"2019-08-19T19:21:39","modified_gmt":"2019-08-19T16:21:39","slug":"tumulus-kazi-sistemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/?p=1605","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs Kaz\u0131 Sistemi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Define avc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok merak etti\u011fi t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs kaz\u0131 nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r, asl\u0131nda t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fcn giri\u015fini bulup direk girmekten ziyade; t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs sistemli bir \u015fekilde kaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-<\/strong><\/span> \u00c7eyrek dilim sistemi : Bu sistem k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boy t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerde uygulan\u0131r. t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs 4 e\u015fit dilime b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek g\u00fcney-bat\u0131 cepesindeki dilim al\u0131narak temizlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2-<\/span><\/strong> T\u00fcnel a\u00e7ma sistemi: Bu sistem b\u00fcy\u00fck boy t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerde uygulan\u0131r bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ba\u015flan\u0131r. Dikkat edilmesi gereken \u015fey merkeze do\u011fru giderken a\u00e7\u0131 kaybetmemek. \u00d6nce dar merkeze do\u011fru ilerledik\u00e7e geni\u015fletilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3-<\/strong><\/span> Osmanl\u0131 dal\u0131\u015f\u0131: Bu sistem k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boy t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerde bat\u0131-do\u011fu eksenine derin yarma, b\u00fcy\u00fck boy t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerde ise yine \u00e7eyrek dilime yak\u0131n g\u00fcney-bat\u0131 cephesini kucaklayan geni\u015f yarma \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs kaz\u0131 matematiksel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1-<\/span><\/strong> T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fcn taban\u0131 dairedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2-<\/span><\/strong> Tepe noktas\u0131 ile tabandaki dairenin merkezini birle\u015ftiren do\u011fru par\u00e7as\u0131 tabana diktir,bu diklik t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fcn y\u00fcksekli\u011fini verir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3-<\/span><\/strong> Taban \u00e7evresinde al\u0131nan herhangi bir nokta ile tepe noktas\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftiren do\u011fru par\u00e7as\u0131 yandan y\u00fcksekli\u011fini verir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4-<\/strong><\/span> Yan y\u00fczeyler birer daire dilimi halindedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5-<\/span><\/strong> T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fcn taban alan\u0131 bulunacak<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6-<\/span> <\/strong>T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fcn yerle\u015fim alan\u0131 Taban alan\u0131 Ta= pi \u00e7arp\u0131 r kare<\/p>\n\n\n\n

taban uzunlu\u011fu pi \u00e7arp\u0131 a kare<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn alan = pi \u00e7arp\u0131 r kare + pi \u00e7arp\u0131 r \u00e7arp\u0131 a d\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs Yap\u0131larda Kaz\u0131 Sistemi:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs yap\u0131larda bilimsel olarak iki sistem kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1-<\/strong><\/span> \u00c7eyrek dilim sistemi:<\/strong> K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve al\u00e7ak bir T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs kaz\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken izlenecek en iyi yol; birbirini dik kesen dilimler b\u0131rakarak tepeyi d\u00f6rt par\u00e7aya b\u00f6lerek kazmakt\u0131r. 1916\u2019dan beri uygulanan ve \u201cquadrant\u201d (\u00e7eyrek dilim) denen bu y\u00f6ntemde kaz\u0131 alan\u0131 s\u0131ra ile kaz\u0131labilecek bir tak\u0131m par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs kaz\u0131s\u0131 birbiriyle \u00e7aprazlama olarak; kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 dilimlerde devam edilmelidir. mezara ili\u015fkin \u00f6zellikler belirene de\u011fin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Daha sonra arada 0.50m\u2019den daha geni\u015f olmayacak paylar b\u0131rak\u0131larak \u00f6teki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 iki dilimin kaz\u0131s\u0131 tamamlan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle mezar tepesine ili\u015fkin ve tepeyi her iki y\u00f6ne do\u011fru boydan boya kat eden iki kesit elde edilmi\u015f ve bu sayede de s\u00f6z konusu yapay tepenin \u00f6zellikleri konusunda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi edinilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc burada da ama\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz yaln\u0131zca mezar\u0131 bulmaya d\u00f6n\u00fck olmamal\u0131, bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u00e7ok belge ve bilgi toplamaya gayret edilmelidir. Mezar\u0131n son a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kesit paylar\u0131n\u0131n sorun yarataca\u011f\u0131 ku\u015fkusuzdur. Ancak gerekli belgeleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sona erdikten sonra bunlar uygun \u015fekilde kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve mezar\u0131n kaz\u0131s\u0131na daha sonra ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2-<\/span> Sondaj sistemi:<\/strong> Yap\u0131lacak i\u015f tepelerin alt\u0131nda gizlenen odan\u0131n tam yerini belirlemek olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sistem b\u00fcy\u00fck boy T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslere uygulan\u0131r. \u201coil-dring rig\u201d ya da su sondaj\u0131 denen bir y\u00f6ntemle yap\u0131l\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re topra\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 suyla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck delikler a\u00e7\u0131labilmekte ve hatta bu sayede delinen toprak tabakas\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi konusunda da bilgiler edinilebilmektedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sondaj sistemine \u00f6rnek olarak, t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fcn y\u00fczeyine 2.50 m aral\u0131klarla plankare a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6\u015fenmi\u015f ve sondajlar karelerin kesi\u015fen k\u00f6\u015felerinden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Gordion P t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fc buna \u00f6rnektir. Yumu\u015fak topra\u011f\u0131n oldu\u011fu kesimse sondaj derinlere do\u011fru inebiliyor, sert ta\u015f tabaks\u0131na gelindi\u011finde de o noktada duruyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs Oda Mimarisi Yap\u0131s\u0131 ve Kaz\u0131 Stili.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerden aranan yap\u0131 unsuru odad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerde mezar i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilen odalar birer mimari \u00f6zelliktedir. Basit birer yap\u0131 de\u011fildirler. Bu yap\u0131 t\u00fcm do\u011fal afetler dikkate al\u0131narak o g\u00fcn\u00fcn mimarlar\u0131 taraf\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130n\u015fas\u0131nda her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hesaplamalar yap\u0131l\u0131r. Anadolu\u2019nun piramitleri denen bu y\u0131\u011fma toprak mezar an\u0131tlar\u0131 daha \u00e7ok krallar, prensler ya da yerel beyler vb. soylu s\u0131n\u0131ftan kimseler ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131 i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilmi\u015flerdir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fcn kaz\u0131lmas\u0131 yaln\u0131zca merkeze doru a\u00e7\u0131lan basit bir a\u00e7ma ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmeyecek denli kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcslerin i\u00e7inde \u00e7o\u011fu kez ta\u015f ya da ah\u015faptan mezar odalar\u0131 ya da sandukalar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs in\u015fa edilirken ya da g\u00f6m\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan t\u00f6renlere ili\u015fkin izler de bu yapay tepeler alt\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. B\u00f6ylece bir kaz\u0131da hi\u00e7bir bilginin g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemesine y\u00f6nelik olarak kaz\u0131 yapmak gerekir. Kaz\u0131 ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce mezar tepesinin topografik plan\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha sonra, kaz\u0131lacak olan bu tepe belki de t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ortadan kalkacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

verilen t\u00fcm bilgiler bilgi ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r; izinsiz kaz\u0131 yapmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Define avc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok merak etti\u011fi t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs kaz\u0131 nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r, asl\u0131nda t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fcn giri\u015fini bulup direk girmekten ziyade; t\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs sistemli bir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[167],"class_list":["post-1605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mezar-bilgileri","tag-tumulusler"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1605","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1605"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1605\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}