{"id":2731,"date":"2020-02-07T01:25:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T22:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/defineisaretleri.net\/?p=2731"},"modified":"2020-02-07T01:25:00","modified_gmt":"2020-02-06T22:25:00","slug":"mezar-derinlikleri-giris-mezar-tipleri-ve-mezar-esyalari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/?p=2731","title":{"rendered":"Mezar Derinlikleri, Giri\u015f, Mezar Tipleri ve Mezar E\u015fyalar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mezar\u0131n standart bir derinlik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc yoktur,\u00a0 sadece zengin mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n derin gariban mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u00d6rnek olarak roma d\u00f6nemi fakir mezarlar\u0131 60 cm derinlikte bulunurken kral mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n 15-20 metre derinliklerde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Derinli\u011fi belirleyen di\u011fer \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rde g\u00f6m\u00fc yap\u0131lacak toprak yap\u0131s\u0131yla alakal\u0131d\u0131r, 3 metre kaz\u0131p g\u00f6mme planlan\u0131rken 2. metrede b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kayaya rastlan\u0131rsa bu zorlanmaz g\u00f6m\u00fc 2 metreye yap\u0131l\u0131r.  Benzer \u015fekilde kaz\u0131 \u00e7ok zor ilerleyip par\u00e7a kayalar k\u0131r\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131yorsa yine ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde beklenen derinli\u011fe ula\u015fmadan mezar \u015fekillendirilerek g\u00f6m\u00fc yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr mezarlar istenilen derinli\u011fi vermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00fczerine y\u0131\u011fma ilave edilerek bu a\u00e7\u0131k kapat\u0131l\u0131r.  Bunun tam terside s\u00f6z konusudur, ortalama 3 metre d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrken kaz\u0131 \u00e7ok kolay ilerleyip 4 ve 5 metrelere \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Derinli\u011fi belirleyen di\u011fer \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6r ise \u00f6l\u00fc g\u00f6mme gelenekleridir. \u00d6l\u00fc g\u00f6mme gelenekleri toplumun k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra olay\u0131n adli ya da arkeolojik men\u015feli oldu\u011funa dair ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r. Mezar bulunduktan sonra cesedin yat\u0131\u015f pozisyonu iyi de\u011ferlendirilmeli, ba\u015f, kollar ve bacaklar\u0131n pozisyonuna dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, ellerin kar\u0131n ya da g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00fczerinde kavu\u015fmu\u015f ya da \u00e7apraz \u015fekilde bulunmas\u0131, ki\u015finin inan\u00e7lar\u0131 konusunda ipucu olabilmekte veya bu tarz bir g\u00f6m\u00fclme, \u00e7evredeki di\u011fer mezarlar hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli ip u\u00e7lar\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adli vakalarda ise \u00e7o\u011funlukla ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir yat\u0131\u015f pozisyonu olur. \u00d6rne\u011fin beden y\u00fcz\u00fcst\u00fc bulunabilir veya v\u00fccut dorsal pozisyondan farkl\u0131, kollar ve bacaklar anatomik pozisyona ayk\u0131r\u0131 vaziyette olabilir. Bunun sebebi ceset k\u0131sa zamanda g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in normal mezar derinli\u011finde de\u011fil  y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6l\u00fc g\u00f6mme gelenekleri kadar mezar \u00e7e\u015fitleride \u00f6nemlidir, bir mezar\u0131n derinli\u011fini tahmin etmeniz i\u00e7in ne t\u00fcr bir mezar kazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilmeniz gerekir. T\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs, lahit, oda mezar, zemin alt\u0131 kaya mezar, ta\u015ftan in\u015fa edilen oda mezar, y\u0131\u011fma mezar, kurgan ve benzeri bir \u00e7ok mezar \u00e7e\u015fidir vard\u0131r, bunlar\u0131n bir \u00e7o\u011funda giri\u015f bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezar Giri\u015fleri<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Giri\u015f olan mezarlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131sal \u00f6zelliklerinden birisi dar kenardan a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131 ve bir giri\u015f dehlizi olmas\u0131d\u0131r.  Co\u011frafi yap\u0131 ve mezar\u0131n mimari yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re giri\u015f \u015fekillendirilir.Yani giri\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir standart yoktur. En fazla rastlanan giri\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fc g\u00fcney bat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sadece bir insan\u0131n s\u0131\u011fabilece\u011fi geni\u015flikte olan kap\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015fleri tek veya iki adet levha \u015feklindeki ta\u015flar\u0131n kap\u0131 \u015fekli verilerek kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mezarlara girilip \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren tek veya \u00e7ift kanatl\u0131 giri\u015f kap\u0131lar\u0131 dromos olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir giri\u015f mekan\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Mezar odas\u0131na girerken iki ya da \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0131ra levha ta\u015f\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f basamaklar, mezar odas\u0131 ile ge\u00e7i\u015f mekan\u0131 aras\u0131nda bulunma ihtimali y\u00fcksektir..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezar Tipleri<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1- Basit Toprak Mezar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2- Pi\u015fmi\u015f Toprak Mezar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a) \u00c7\u00f6mlek G\u00f6m\u00fcler
b) Pithos G\u00f6m\u00fcler (K\u00fcp mezar)
c) Sahte\/Pseudo Pithos G\u00f6m\u00fcler<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3- Ta\u015f Sand\u0131k Mezar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4- Sahte\/Pseudo Oda Mezar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6mme Bi\u00e7imleri<\/span>
1- \u0130nhumasyon (Yakmadan g\u00f6mme)
2- Kremasyon (Yakarak g\u00f6mme)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6mme Tipleri<\/span>
1- Hocker
2- Dorsal<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00f6n Verme <\/span>
1- Ba\u015f\u0131n Y\u00f6nlendirilmesi
a) Do\u011fu
b) Bat\u0131
c) Kuzey
d) G\u00fcney<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6vdeye Y\u00f6n Verme<\/span>
a) Kendi Sa\u011f\u0131na
b) Kendi Soluna<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7oklu G\u00f6m\u00fc Uygulamas\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7oklu g\u00f6m\u00fc uygulamas\u0131 \u015fehirden uzak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7ukur a\u00e7\u0131p t\u00fcm cesetlerin bu \u00e7ukura at\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezar Buluntular\u0131, Mezarlardan \u00e7\u0131kabilecek olas\u0131 e\u015fyalar.<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Heykeller, Objeler,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pi\u015fmi\u015f Toprak Minyat\u00fcr Kaplar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pi\u015fmi\u015f Toprak Askoslar\/Ku\u015f Bi\u00e7imli Kaplar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silahlar ve Kesici Aletler<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u011f\u0131r\u015faklar, Tak\u0131lar, Oyuncaklar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Metal kaplar, a\u011f\u0131z ve g\u00f6z bantlar\u0131 (alt\u0131n olur)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asa ya da Topuz Ba\u015flar\u0131, M\u00fch\u00fcrler<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kulak T\u0131ka\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diademler\/Al\u0131nl\u0131klar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Multivalent\/\u00c7o\u011ful De\u011ferlikli Buluntular<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u011fneler<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fig\u00fcrin, \u0130dol veya Amuletler<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezar \u00dczerindeki \u0130\u015faretler<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antik paralar (sikke)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00f6lenin \u015fahsi e\u015fyalar\u0131, (mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak: Define Sohbeti<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mezar\u0131n standart bir derinlik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc yoktur,\u00a0 sadece zengin mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n derin gariban mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u00d6rnek olarak roma d\u00f6nemi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5531,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[78,98,87],"tags":[86],"class_list":["post-2731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-define-isaretleri","category-definecilik","category-mezar-bilgileri","tag-define-mezarlari"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2731","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2731"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2731\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xrayburada.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}